Pliers for round work



April 15, 1952 H. MCADOO 2,593,164

PLIERS FOR ROUND WORK Filed Nov. 12, 1946 U FH/GZ INVENTOR HAROLD L. MADOO ATTORNEY Patented Apr. 15, 1952 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE HaroldL. McAdoo, Bartlesville, Okla. Application November 12, 194.6, SerialNo. 709,320

fa Claims. (01. ti-44 Thisiinvention'relates to mechanics tools, andmore especially to pliers having, substantially parallel I non-crossedpivoted handles with crossed jaws; an object of the same is to producea'tool for use by mechanics where an elevating and turning action isdesired, and where the turning action causes a multiplying of thegripping powerapplied to said handles.

This invention consists in the novel construction of the plier-handlesand integral jaws hereinafter described.

These and other objects and advantages of this invention will be fullyset forth in the following description, made in connection with theaccompanying drawing in which like reference characters refer to similarparts through the views and in which: I f

Figure I is a view in side elevation. of the improved mechanics tool,embodying the invention Figure IIis a view in front elevation of thetool embodying this invention.

Referring to the drawing, a tool construction is constitutes the secondhandle which is grasped by the mechanics fingers and is shown solid andhas one straightsideand suitably curved inner portions. Member ii hasaterminalorstationary jaw end I5. 'Member I2 which moves with themovement of themechanics fingers has a terminal jaw end M which moves assaid handle I2 moves, and it has a recess or cut away portion l5adjacent the jaw end I 4. The recess. I6 is of sumcient length to permitfree play betweenthe long curvedjaw I5 and said portion I6 which movesas handle I2 ismoved. Members '!I and I2 have intermediate sections I!and I8 respectively which are pivotally-connected together-by pintle I3.

The jaw I4 is a short jaw formed at an angle with the straight side ofhandle I2 and has lateralteeth l9 on its rough" outside operatingsurface, and said surface is substantially of noncircular'contour. Thejaw it has a flat portion 29 adjacent its free end and a smooth curvedoperating. surface 2I, as shown, forming a concave throat portion, orface, in conjunction with the opposite jaw l4. Theo'per'a ting' surfacesI9 and 20 tend to form a recess Mofsubstantially circular form on theone side, of the smootnjaw thereof when the jaws I4 and I5 are closed. A

. circular object,such as a rod is shown dotted by r '2 numeral 23 andas pressure is applied by jaws I4 and I5 to said object 23, said object23 has a tendency to roll into the jaws of the tool in a directiontoward the pivot I3 as shown dotted by By having the jaws crossed andhaving the one jaw I5 longer than the opposite jaw I4, and with jaw I5having a smooth circular form while jaw I4 is:of short non-circular formand has lateral teeth on its operating surface, an elevating or turningactionis accomplished as described above, as any object gripped betweenthe jaws has a tendency to roll into the throat of the two jaws in adirection toward the pivot I 3, this action cannot be accomplished bythe ordinary type mechanics tool. Since jaw I4 has lateral teeth on itsgripping surface and thejaw I5 has a smooth circular surface, whenpressure is applied to an object by said jaws, the object cannot slipupon the lateral teeth of jaw I4 but it can slip against the smoothsurface of jaw I5. As the pressure between the jaws is increased, theclamped object slips and turns until it reaches the base of the throatformed by said jaws. The

object grasped is always forced further into, the throat of the two jawsof the pliers or the mechanics tool in a direction of pivot I3 until theobject cannot be movedffurther and at this point the action causes amultiplying of the gripping power applied to said handles and the objectis tightly held and prevented from slipping within the jaws.

Much difliculty has been experienced in 0bs'et circular nut, or hexagonnut or screw, where space is limited. Often the space is so limited thatonly the ordinary type pliers or tool can be inserted to grasp thecircular nut and no movement of thepliers can be given once the objectis grasped. With the ordinary puers with crossed jaws the object isforced out of the jaws when only pressure is applied. .With this noveltool as shown and described, once the object is grasped, the object willbe held within the jaws until released-by the operator and if a nut ishard set,

often the application of pressure alone on said nut will cause it tobecome loosened from the hard set by the turning action takingplacewithin the teeth 19 formed on the operating surface of jaw 14 whichmoves as handle 12 is moved by the mechanics fingers.

From the above description it will be seen that a very simple and veryefiicient construction of a tool has been provided in which the one jawwith teeth moves toward the other jaw without teeth which give a turningaction in a direction of the pivot as Well as a rigid tight, grip. Themovement of the jaws is very accurate, a turning action is provided whenpressure is applied on certain objects between the jaws, the turningaction continues until the object is moved inward into lockingengagement with the jaws,

after which any tendency for a twisting movement which might occur isprevented by the rough surface on the shorter jaw with teeth and lockedby the longer jaw without teeth and ofcircular contour. This type toolis easily operated, works with precision, and can be made in small orlarger sizes. A novel, neat and efficient tool has been provided.

It will of course, be understood that various changes may be made in theform, details, arrangement and. proportions of the parts, withoutdeparting from the scope of applicants invention, which generallystated, consists in a device capable of carrying out the objects aboveset forth, in the parts and combinations of parts disclosed and definedin the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. In pliers, the combination of a pair of handles, one of said handlesbeing curved to fit the operators hand and considered the stationaryhandle, the other handle being substantially straight and considered themovable handle, each of said handles having an intermediate section,said sections pivotally connected together by a pintle, a jaw formedintegral with each of said handles, said jaws crossing each other andhaving adjacent operating surfaces, the jaw on the movable handleforming a short outer jaw with lateral teeth on its operating surface,the jaw on the stationary handle being off-set and longer than the jawon the movable handle and forming a rear jaw, said rear jaw having asmooth operating surface thereon which is curved to form a concaveportion with respect to said outer jaw, the two jaws forming a closedthroat portion in conjunction with each other, said throat extendinglongitudinally and rearwardly thereof, whereby the object to be moved isgrasped between the opposite faces of said jaws and upon movement of thehandle connected with the outer jaw having teeth thereon an elevating orturning action is effected upon said object, turning the object in arearwardly direction into the closed end of the throat formed by thejaws, said action being due to the lateral teeth on the outer jaw solelypreventing slipping of the object thereon while the smooth surface uponthe rear jaw permits slipping of the object thereon when pressure isapplied to the handle connected with the outer jaw having teeth thereon.

2. In pliers, the combination of a pair of handles, one of which issubstantially straight and considered the lower and movable handle, theother handle being curved to fit the operators hand and considered theupper and stationary handle, each of'said handles having an inter- 4mediate section, said sections pivotally connected together by a pintle,a jaw formed integral with each of said handles, said jaws crossing eachother and having adjacent operating surfaces, the jaw on the lower andmovable handle forming a short downwardly turned straight jaw, the jawon the upper and stationary handle being off-set and longer than the jawon the movable handle and forming a curved rear jaw, the tertwo jawsforming a closed throat portion in conjunction with each other wherethey cross, said throat extending longitudinally and rearwardly 7thereof, whereby the object to be moved is grasped between the oppositefaces of said jaws and upon closure of said handles a turning action iseffected by the jaws forcing the object in a rearwardly direction intothe closed end of the throat formed by the jaws.

3. In a turning tool, the combination. of a "pintle and a pair ofmembers, each member. re-

spectively comprising a straight intermediate portion, a rearwardlyextending handle at the rear end of the intermediate portion, and an armat the forward end of the intermediate portion ter- -minating in anangularly disposed jaw; one of said handles being curved and consideredthe stationary handle and the other handle substantially straight andconsidered the movable handle, the jaw formed on the straight handlebeing rather short, the jaw formed on the curved handle being longerthan the jaw on said straight handle and of curved formation, saidpintle pivotally connecting the intermediate portions of the memberstogether at a point between the members, said short jaw having teeth onits inner operating surf ace, the longer jaw having a smooth operatingsurface and curved to form a concave throat portion in conjunction withthe shorter jaw at the closed end thereof adjacent where they cross,said throat extends longitudinally and rearwardly thereof, whereby theobject to be moved is grasped between the opposite faces of said jawsand upon closure of said handles anelevating or turning action iseifected by the jaws, the teeth on the short jaw preventing slipping ofthe object upon its operating surface while the smooth jaw permitsslipping of the object upon its smooth operating surface in a directionof the pivot.

HAROLD L. MCADOO.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 588,991 Henderson Aug. 31, 1897750,308 Sawyer Jan. 26, 1904 816,278 Tracht Mar. 27, 1906 893,903 CooperJuly 21, 1908 969,189 Rademacher Sept. 6, 1910 1,162,141 De Arment Nov.30, 1915 1,283,217 Kurtzhals Oct. 29, 1918 1,562,083 Evans Nov. 17, 19251,935,009 Bluhm Nov. 14, 1933 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 18,888Sweden Jan. 28, 1905

